Internal-combustion engine



Dec. 11,1928. 1,694,642

H. J. EDWARDS INTERNAL COMBUS TION ENGI NE Original Filed Nov. 25. 1918 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVEN TOR. f/enr y J. [awards A TTORNEY Dec. 11, I928. 1,694,642

H. J. EDWARDS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE I Original Filed Nov. 25. 1918 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ,fi r

O 0/ Q Ill 1 II R I INVENTOR, Heflr J [awards m II. W Y

A TTORNEY Patented Dec. 11,1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY J. EDWARDS, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH COR- PORATION, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, A. CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed November 25, 1918, Serial No. 264,064. Renewed November 15, 1924.

This invention relates to improvements in air cooling systems for internal combustion engines of the type known as sliding sleeve valve or Knight engines.

The principal object of the invention is the. provision of an efficient cooling system for engines of this type and particularly with reference to the cooling of the cylinder head which is naturally diflicult to cool because of to the fact that it is necessarily inset or cup shaped.

Further objects of the invention relate to various economies of manufacture and details of construction as will hereinafter ap 16 pear from the detailed description to follow.

accomplish the object of myinvention by the particular arrangement and means described in the following specification but it is evident that the same may be varied without 20 departing from the scope of the invention as included in the appended claims. A. structure constituting one embodiment of my invention in which the engine is shown as part of an electric generating unit is accomplished 2 in the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an engine embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a transverse section taken sub- 80 stantially on the line 22 of Figure 1.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the numeral represents a suitable base which is adapted to form a support for the improved type of casting 12, constituting the gear casing and the crank casing 13. Referring particularly to. Figure 1, it will be seen that the upper portion of the casing 12 is left open to provide an open passage 23 thereto, there being provided transverse plate. 24 adapted to form means to close a portion of the top of the crank casing. This plate 24 also forms means for constituting the base of the cylinder of the engine and if desired, the base plate 24 and the cylinder 25 may be inte rally cast as one piece. In view of the fact t at it is the intention of this invention to employ an air cooled Knight type of motor, the cylinder 25 is cast with air cooling fins 26 thereon in a manner which is well known in the art. 60 The usual type of crank 30 mounted in the crank casing 13 is provided with a thrust bearing 31 atone end thereof while a roller bearing 32 at the opposite end thereof may be employed. The crank shaft 30 is extended exterlorly of the crank casing at either end and is provided with a fan fly wheel 33 at one end and at the other end with the generator armature 34 of the generator of the device. The usual type of cup shaped head 56 at the upper end of the cylinder 25 is illustrated as a well known type of Knight engine construction. This head supports the usual junk ring 57 of the engine and moreover centrally thereof is shown any form of spark plug '58 located centrally over the piston of the engine. As is well known, the sleeves 50 and 51 operate between the junk ring 57, cylinder head 56 and the cylinder wall 25 to properly 'open and close the inlet and exhaust valves in timed relation and a further detailed description of 76 the mechanism is unnecessary. Any type of piston 59 provided with the piston rod 60 connected to the crank shaft 30 in any well known manner maybe used and there are shown herein the counter weights 61 and 62 located on the crank shaft 30.

Located over the upper part of the casing 13 and surrounding the lower part 24 of the cylinder base, I have provided an upwardly extending casing 70 spaced from the wall of the cylinder of the engine within which the radiating fins 26.are located. The upper end of the casing 70 is reversely bent as indicated at 71 into a funnel shaped extension 72 adapted to enter the cup shaped cylinder head 56. 35 The funneled end 72 of the casing 70 is provided with an open end which is spaced from the head of the cylinder and the side Walls of the cup thereon. It will be noted that the spark plug is located within the funnel 72 of the casing 7 O and is therefore accessible without removing the casing 70 and, moreover, the particular shape of the casing referred to 0perates to direct. air downwardly in the direction of the arrows into the cup shaped head 56 of the engine, thence reversely along a portion of the inner surface of the cylinder to pass upwardly over the upper edge of the head and downwardly along the outside of the cylinder between the fins 26 thereof. The opening 23 at the lower end of the cylinder permits the air to be drawn around the cylinder of the engine by the motion of the fan fly Wheel 33. The casing 12 being opened at 12' at one end thereof adjacent to which the fly wheel operates, particularly facilitates the circulation of the air. in the manner indicated. The fly wheel is arranged to draw the air in centrally thereof and discharge it peripheral- 1y. The fly wheel also operates to circulate 11 wheel circulates air through the unit to both T001 the engine and the generator. The arrangement of the enclosed casing 70 for the engine cylinder forms a particularly effective system for cooling the engine requiring very iittle attention and having the advantage of using air as a cooling means for a sliding sleeve valve engine. A

While I have described my invention in more or less detail, and as being embodied in certain forms, I do not desire or intend to be limited thereto, as quite to the contrary my invention contemplates any proper changes in the form, construction and arrangement of the parts, as well as the omission of immaterial elements and certain co-operating parts and the substitution of equivalents therefor as circumstances may suggest or necessity render expedient.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an engine, the combination of a cylinder, 2. cup-shaped head therefor, radiating fins on said cylinder, and a casing surrounding and spaced therefrom, said casing being provided with an inwardly directed open end located within said cup-sha ed head and substantially parallel to the sides thereof opera.- tive to direct air into said cup shaped head to cool the Wall thereof and against the external wall of the cylinder.

2. In an internal combustion engine of the sliding sleeve valve type having a cylinder and a cup-shaped head therefor, radiating fins on said cylinder, and a casing spaced therefrom, provided with a funnel-shaped portion extending within said cup-shaped head and substantially parallel to the sides thereof, said funnel portion having an open end spaced from the bottom of said head, said casing bein adapted todirect air into said cup-shapeddiead and along the Walls of said cylinder.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the

cylinder walls, and around said spark plug,

said park plug being accessible without removing said casing. i

4. In an engine construction, the combination of a cylinder; a cup shaped cap positioned'at one end of said cylinder; an ignition device centrally positioned in the base of said cap; and guide means for directing a cooling medium down into contact with the external base of the cap and into contact with the ignition device and along the'external Wall of the cylinder, said ide means adapted to maintain the flow o the cooling medium over the'walls of the cup-shaped cap at a substantially constant velocity.

5.1!1 an internai combustion engine, the combination of an explosion chamber; means for directing a gaseous cooling medium to both sides of a portion of the wall ofsaid chamber, said means including a cap having a depressed base adapted to beinserted within one end of said cylinder; a continuous shell suspended within the depressed cap to form a funnel extending to a point ad acent the base of the cap through which the cooling medium is adapted to have movement toward the inner surface of the cylinder; and guide means for conducting said cooling medium to 

